隨著臺灣邁入超高齡社會，中高齡族群的健康議題日益受到重視，其中健康素養與飲食行為更是影響健康老化的重要因素。近年來，生活型態改變及飲食西化導致中高齡族群面臨營養不均衡與慢性病風險，而健康素養不足更可能使其無法有效理解與應用健康資訊，進而影響飲食行為與健康結果。本研究旨在探討新北市中高齡族群健康素養與健康飲食行為之關聯性。因此，本研究從實證觀點出發，聚焦於健康素養與健康飲食行為兩者之間的關聯性。 本研究採問卷調查法，以新北市板橋區、中和區與永和區之45至64歲中高齡民眾為研究對象，共回收有效問卷349份。研究工具包含健康素養與健康飲食行為量表，分別測量溝通／交流性素養與批判／評論性素養，以及日常飲食行為執行狀況。研究目的在於：一、分析人口背景對健康素養與飲食行為之差異；二、探討健康素養與健康飲食行為間之相關性；三、為健康促進政策擬定提供依據。 研究結果顯示，受試者整體健康素養屬中高程度，其中以溝通／交流性素養得分最高；健康飲食行為亦達中上程度，尤以「定時用餐」及「每日攝取蔬菜」之表現最佳。人口變項分析方面，年齡對飲食行為具有顯著影響；差異方面，女性在健康素養得分優於男性；教育程度愈高者其健康素養表現愈佳。分析亦發現，健康素養與健康飲食行為呈顯著正相關，其中尤以批判／評論性素養與飲食行為之關聯性較高。 綜合而言，本研究證實中高齡族群之健康素養與飲食行為表現整體良好，但在細部行為與素養層面尚有改善空間。教育程度、性別與年齡為顯著影響因子，未來健康促進政策與飲食教育課程應針對不同背景族群進行差異化設計與介入策略，方能有效提升中高齡族群的飲食品質與健康水準。 Taiwan is undergoing a demographic transition into a super-aged society, making the health of middle-aged and older adults a critical public concern. Health literacy and dietary behavior are recognized as essential determinants of healthy aging. However, shifts in lifestyle and dietary westernization have contributed to nutritional imbalances and increased chronic disease risks among this population. This study examines the relationship between health literacy and healthy dietary behaviors among adults aged 45 to 64 in three urban districts of New Taipei City: Banqiao, Zhonghe, and Yonghe. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using structured questionnaires, yielding 349 valid responses. The instruments measured two dimensions of health literacy—communicative/interactive and critical literacy—and the frequency of healthy dietary behaviors. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, and Pearson’s correlation. Findings indicate that participants generally reported moderate-to-high levels of health literacy, with communicative/interactive literacy being the highest. Dietary behavior scores were also above average, especially for regular mealtimes and daily vegetable intake. Significant differences were observed based on age, gender, and education level. Notably, health literacy, particularly critical literacy, was positively correlated with healthy dietary behavior. These results highlight the pivotal role of health literacy in promoting healthy eating among middle-aged and older adults. The findings suggest the need for differentiated health promotion strategies tailored to demographic characteristics to enhance dietary quality and support healthy aging.
