| 摘要: | 本研究探討園藝方案提升老人靈性健康與超越老化並以某樂齡學習中心為例。
背景：隨著社會進步和醫療革新，人類壽命延長，但老年健康未同步改善，常需長期照顧，對社會資源造成壓力。現代醫學強調身心靈平衡，靈性健康同等重要。教育部推動終身學習，減少老人對醫療依賴，促進身心靈健康。園藝方案可作為終身學習課程的一部分，提升老人「靈性健康」，實現「超越老化」的目標。
目的：本研究設計了適用於老人的園藝方案，旨在促進老人適應老年生活，培養終身學習的習慣與心態。瞭解老人靈性健康及超越老化的現況，並評估參與課程對提升靈性健康及超越老化的學習成效。期望研究成果為實務提供參考，幫助社區老人實現超越老化，享受更豐富的晚年生活。
方法：本研究採混合研究方法，使用自評結構式問卷、學習回饋單與教學日誌作為資料蒐集工具。問卷內容包括個人基本資料、靈性健康量表與超越老化量表，於園藝方案課程前後進行施測。量化資料以 SPSS 22.0 進行描述性統計、卡方檢定與混合設計變異數分析，以 p < .05 為顯著水準。質性資料來自學習回饋單與教學日誌，用以補充與詮釋量化結果。
研究結果：研究結果顯示，實驗組於總量表及其各構面後測得分皆顯著高於前測。靈性健康總量與超然幸福構面、超越老化總量與宇宙超越面、生命凝聚感構面後測得分顯著高於對照組，顯示介入具成效。惟個人幸福、社群幸福、環境幸福與獨處的需求構面在組間比較未達顯著。對照組部分構面亦呈現前後差異，但整體仍以實驗組改善幅度較大。綜合量化與質性結果，支持園藝方案為促進老人靈性健康與超越老化之有效介入，亦證實以超越老化理論結合園藝設計具理論創新與應用探索之實證潛力，期盼拓展園藝方案在老人靈性健康與超越老化促進領域之研究範疇。
This study explores the use of Horticultural Program to enhance the spiritual health and gerotranscendence of seniors, taking a senior learning center as an example.
Background：Medical advances extend lifespan, but elderly health remains limited, increasing care needs. Lifelong learning reduces medical reliance and promotes well-being. Horticultural programs may enhance spiritual health and support aging transcendence.
Purpose：This study developed a horticultural program to support aging adaptation and lifelong learning in older adults. It examined spiritual health and aging transcendence, and evaluated program impact. Results aim to guide practice and enhance later-life fulfillment.
Methods：This mixed-method study used structured questionnaires, feedback forms, and teaching logs. The questionnaires included demographics, a spiritual health scale, and an aging transcendence scale, administered before and after the intervention. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 with descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and mixed-design ANOVA (p < .05). Qualitative data supported interpretation of results.
Results：The experimental group showed significant post-test improvements across all measures. Scores for spiritual health, transcendental well-being, aging transcendence, cosmic transcendence, and life coherence were significantly higher than those of the control group. No significant differences were found in personal, communal, environmental well-being, or solitude needs. Although the control group showed some gains, improvements were greater in the experimental group. Results support horticultural therapy as an effective approach to enhance spiritual health and aging transcendence, highlighting the empirical potential of integrating gerotranscendence theory into program design. |
