以健康信念模式探討汐止地區民眾對健康生活型態與風險因子之認知與因應

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://dyhuir.dyhu.edu.tw/ir/handle/987654321/1514

Title:	以健康信念模式探討汐止地區民眾對健康生活型態與風險因子之認知與因應
Other Titles:	Exploring the Perceptions and Responses of Xizhi Residents to Healthy Lifestyles and Risk Factors Through the Health Belief Model
Authors:	林子軒
Contributors:	黃庭鍾
Keywords:	健康生活型態;健康風險因子;健康信念模式;健康促進;Healthy Lifestyle;Health Risk Factors;Health Belief Model;Health Promotion
Date:	2025
Issue Date:	2025-09-02T08:32:11Z
Publisher:	德育學校財團法人德育護理健康學院;健康產業管理研究所
Abstract:	本研究旨在運用健康信念模式（Health Belief Model, HBM），探討新北市汐止地區民眾對健康生活型態與健康風險因子的認知情形及其因應行為，期望能為地方健康促進策略提供實證依據。研究方法採量化研究設計，以結構式問卷為工具，內容包含健康信念模式六大構面（自覺罹患性、自覺嚴重性、自覺行動利益、自覺行動障礙、自我效能與行動線索）、健康生活型態及風險因子認知相關題項。問卷經專家效度審查與預試修訂後，正式施測對象為汐止地區成年居民，採分層隨機抽樣方式蒐集有效樣本。所得資料以SPSS統計軟體進行描述性統計、信效度分析、t檢定、單因子變異數分析、相關分析與多元迴歸等統計方法進行分析。研究結果顯示：(1) 汐止地區民眾對健康生活型態具中高程度認知，但在壓力管理與運動方面仍有提升空間；(2) 健康風險因子認知與健康行為呈現正相關，尤以自覺罹患性與自我效能影響最大；(3) 在人口學變項上，女性、高教育程度與中高收入族群對健康信念構面認同度較高；(4) 多元迴歸結果指出，自覺行動利益、自我效能與行動線索可有效預測健康生活型態行為。結論上，健康信念模式可有效解釋汐止地區民眾的健康行為表現，尤其自我效能與行動線索為推動健康行為的重要影響因子。因此建議：(1) 地方政府及相關單位應加強健康教育與風險溝通，提升居民自我效能；(2) 透過社區宣導、醫療專業介入與數位媒體等行動線索刺激，促進健康行為內化；(3) 後續可針對特定高風險族群進行深度介入設計，並擴展至其他地區進行比較研究，強化健康促進策略的整體效益。 This study aims to explore the perceptions and responses of residents in Xizhi District, New Taipei City, toward healthy lifestyles and health risk factors using the Health Belief Model (HBM). The objective is to provide empirical evidence for developing effective local health promotion strategies. A quantitative research method was adopted, utilizing a structured questionnaire based on the six core components of HBM: perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and cues to action. The questionnaire also included items related to healthy lifestyle behaviors and awareness of risk factors. After expert validation and a pilot test, the finalized survey was administered to adult residents in Xizhi using stratified random sampling. Data were analyzed using SPSS software for descriptive statistics, reliability and validity testing, t-tests, ANOVA, correlation, and multiple regression analyses. The results revealed that: (1) residents demonstrated a moderate to high level of awareness regarding healthy lifestyles, though improvements are needed in stress management and physical activity; (2) perceptions of health risk factors were positively correlated with health behaviors, particularly in perceived susceptibility and self-efficacy; (3) demographic factors such as gender, education level, and income were associated with higher health belief scores; (4) multiple regression analysis showed that perceived benefits, self-efficacy, and cues to action significantly predicted healthy lifestyle behaviors. In conclusion, the Health Belief Model effectively explains health behavior among residents in Xizhi, with self-efficacy and cues to action being key influencing factors. Based on the findings, it is recommended that local governments and health agencies strengthen health education and risk communication to enhance residents’ self-efficacy. Furthermore, utilizing community campaigns, medical professional advice, and digital media as cues to action can help internalize healthy behaviors. Future research should consider targeted interventions for high-risk groups and comparative studies in other regions to optimize public health strategies.
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