| 摘要: | 基隆地區登記人口近40萬人，多數青壯年人口不在本地就業，長期照護問題逐漸影響本地民眾，透過本研究探討制度面、外部壓力對於長期照顧的選擇，政府現階段也訂定有長期照顧服務法，及相關福利政策，推行多種長照服務，不同於過去僅有安養中心及養老院少數且素質參差不齊，且因照顧比例上較高，照顧品質也有所影響，在現階段因應政府政策多了許多形式的照護單位，如社區照護、居家照護等。本研究以制度理論來解釋個人對長照實行狀況，個人對長照實行過程大多考慮局部變數關係，缺乏考量到外部壓力，例如:法規、社會規範或團體對個人對長照政策推動的影響。藉由長照政策、反應策略及制度理論提出一個模式來了解個人在各種壓力及面臨威脅中，展現對長照實行的影響，藉此來瞭解一般民眾選擇長期照護的決策行為。
本研究由DiMaggio(1983)提出的制度理論，作為主要變項及lazarus(1984)提出的反應策略探討基隆市長期照顧主要照顧人員對於長期照顧服務的使用相關因素。本研究採用紙本及網路問卷同步進行，共計發放350份問卷，回收327份，有效問卷數為316份，所得資料透過SPSS軟體作為分析工具進行分析。
經由本研究結果顯示，社會大眾對於因制度理論中的強制、模仿、規範等壓力對於反應策略有正向影響，經由反應策略作為中介因素，對於長期照顧服務決策有正向影響。
The Keelung area has a registered population of nearly 400,000. Most of the young and middle-aged people are not employed locally. The problem of long-term care is gradually affecting the local people. Through this study, we will discuss the choice of long-term care from the institutional aspects and external pressure. The government also provides long-term care services at this stage. Law, and related welfare policies, implement a variety of long-term care services, which is different from the past, where there were only a few nursing centers and nursing homes, and the quality was uneven, and because of the high proportion of care, the quality of care was also affected. At this stage, in response to government policies There are many more forms of care units, such as community care, home care, etc. This research uses institutional theory to explain the individual's implementation of long-term care. Most of the process of individual-to-long-term care implementation considers local variable relationships, and lacks consideration of external pressures, such as the impact of regulations, social norms, or groups on individuals' promotion of long-term care policies. Through long-term care policy, response strategies and institutional theory, a model is proposed to understand the impact of individuals in various pressures and threats on the implementation of long-term care, so as to understand the decision-making behavior of the general public in choosing long-term care.
This study uses the institutional theory proposed by DiMaggio (1983) as the main variable and the response strategy proposed by Lazarus (1984) to explore the factors related to the use of long-term care services by long-term care workers in Keelung City. In this study, paper and online questionnaires were conducted simultaneously. A total of 350 questionnaires were distributed, 327 were returned, and the number of valid questionnaires was 316. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS software as an analysis tool.
The results of this study show that the social public has a positive impact on the acceptance of long-term care services through the reaction strategy as a mediating factor due to coercion, imitation, norm and other pressures in institutional theory. Therefore, after understanding the predicament of being the main caregiver, and gradually expanding the subsidy object, the people can reduce their economic considerations, and they can also enjoy the care and maintain the existing quality of life. As a policy reference for future chief officers. |
