| 摘要: | 本研究旨在探討都會區中高齡者休閒活動參與、休閒效益與成功老化之相關研究。以台北市四十五歲以上中高齡者為研究對象，採立意取樣法進行資料收集，共發出500份問卷，得到有效樣本數405份。將回收問卷以SPSS forWindor17.0套裝軟體進行資料彙整與假設驗證。歸納主要研究結論為：
一、已退休、無經濟、家庭負擔的65-74歲族群在時間充裕下，不論在活動參與的頻率或多元性都顯得較其他年齡層活躍。二、年齡、經濟與健康狀況是影響長者能否以正向觀念來看待老化過程重要的因子，年齡越高對成功老化越缺乏信心，自覺經濟、健康越好對成功老化的預測力越好。三、經多元迴歸分析之t值在社會效益、心理效益、生理效益三個構面對成功老化的生理、心理、社會三個構面呈現不同層面的顯著性，整體而言休閒效益對成功老化有正向影響，可能有助於促進成功老齡化。
綜合研究結果後提出建議：一、對中高齡者的建議(一)積極參與休閒活動。(二)維持身體健康、正向思維、積極的態度來適應老化的過程。(三)確保經濟狀況無虞。二、對政策面的建議(一)增設社區休閒環境、設備，讓忙碌的民眾就近取得資源。(二)落實「社區建設無障礙休閒環境與運動場所」讓老人、肢體障礙者在無障礙下積極參與休閒活動減緩失能。(三)建立輔導制度，對民眾經常活動的社區據點，並給予適當輔導，有效活化這些既有的社區資源，以提供多元服務促進民眾健康。
The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship among participation of leisure activities, leisure benefits and successful aging for the elderly in the metropolitan area. We collect 405 valid questionnaires in total from 500 middle-aged people who aged over 45 in Taipei. The data collection and hypothesis verification were carried out using SPSS for Windor17.0 software.
The main conclusions are summarized as follows: First, the elderly in 65-74 age who has been retired, without economic and the family burden in sufficient time, regardless of the frequency or diversity of participation leisure activities are more active than other age segments. Second, the most important factors on the thinking of aging process positively for the elderly are: age, economic and health status. Elder of the age cause more lack of confidence in the successful aging. However, better conscious economy and health status, the better predictability of successful aging. Third, the results show significant differences in the three dimensions of leisure benefits: social, psychological and physiological would effect on the physiological, psychological and social aspects of successful aging by using t-value of multiple regression analysis. On the whole, the leisure benefit has a positive impact on successful aging, and it may help to promote the success of aging.
After analyzing the results, we suggest that: For the recommendations of the elderly are: (1) to participate in leisure activities aggressively; (2) to maintain good health status, positive thinking and aggressive attitude to adapt the process of aging; (3) to ensure that the sufficient economic situation without fear. For the recommendations of the relevant authority: (1) to establish more community recreational environment and equipment, and let people get resources more easily; (2) to implement the "barrier-free leisure environment and sports venues community-building" for the elderly, physically handicapped persons to participate in leisure activities aggressively to slow down the disabled; (3) to establish counseling system, and give appropriate counseling about the elders’ activities in the spot of the community. Besides, to effective activation of these existing community resources to provide a variety of services to promote public health. |
