應用IPA模式探討大臺北地區銀髮族對餐食喜好重視度及滿意度之研究

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題名:	應用IPA模式探討大臺北地區銀髮族對餐食喜好重視度及滿意度之研究
作者:	蕭麗真
貢獻者:	黃庭鍾
關鍵詞:	銀髮族;餐食喜好;重要－表現程度分析法（IPA）;seniors;diet preference;important - performance analysis (IPA)
日期:	2016
上傳時間:	2016-10-13T09:12:54Z
出版者:	經國管理暨健康學院;健康產業管理研究所
摘要:	我國在1993年65歲以上人口占總人口比率即超過7%，成為高齡化社會；推計在2018年將超過14%成為高齡社會。面對社會高齡化，從飲食切入讓銀髮族享有更健康的生活品質及朝向活躍老化發展，是全球政府及食品相關產業共同努力的目標。而如何營造友善高齡環境，讓餐食產品及服務更貼近使用者的理想需求，讓銀髮族在攝取營養延長健康壽命的同時，亦能快樂幸福的享受美味餐食，需要更多不同於以往的思維。本研究旨在應用重要－表現程度分析法（Importance-Performance Analysis；簡稱IPA）模式探討銀髮族對餐食喜好重視度及滿意度之相關情形，透過問卷調查方式進行資料蒐集，研究工具包含「個人基本資料調查表」、「銀髮族餐食喜好重視度量表」、「銀髮族餐食喜好滿意度量表」，以大臺北地區之銀髮族作為問卷調查對象，採立意抽樣方式進行施測。樣本共發出800份問卷，問卷發放時間為2015年12月至2016年2月，有效問卷共420份，將回收資料以SPSS12.0版套裝軟體進行統計分析。研究結果如下：一、不同個人背景變項之銀髮族對於餐食喜好重視度及滿意度部分層面具有顯著差異。二、以皮爾森積差相關統計方法進行分析，在銀髮族餐食喜好的重視度與滿意度的整體與所有層面均有顯著的相關性。運用IPA理論架構進行結果分析，發現題項中共有「餐食價格合理」1個題項需加強改善，及「餐食菜餚之口味」、「餐食多採在地食材」、「餐食飯或麵份量是否足夠」等3個題項供給過度，顯示目前銀髮族餐食仍有改善空間。最後本研究依據建立之架構及實證結果，提出建議予我國相關政府單位、食品業者、研究者及相關有興趣者參考；期能了解與切入消費需求，並進一步能量身打造銀髮族更健康優質的餐食。 The population ratio who aged above 65 is over 7% in 1993, and become an aging society in Taiwan. The authority also estimated the ratio would be excess 14% in 2018 to be an aged society. Faced with an aging society, the global government and food related industries work hard together for more healthy life quality and develop to active aging through the diet habits of the seniors. It’s very important to create a friendly environment for the seniors, so that dietary products and services are closer to the ideal needs of users. The seniors feeding nutrition while promoting healthy life, happiness, and can also enjoy delicious meals, which need more innovative thinking to achieve. The purpose of this study is to discuss the relationship between importance and satisfaction of diet for the seniors by the Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). We got data with questionnaires surveys, and using “Demographic Variables Scales,” “Scale of the Importance of Diet Preference in the Seniors,” and “Scale of the Satisfaction of Diet Preference in the Seniors.” The population is the seniors in Taipei City and New Taipei City, and adopts purpose sampling to get total of 800 copies were distributed to obtain 420 valid questionnaires in Dec. 2015 to Feb. 2016. The data was using SPSS 12.0 software package for statistical analysis. The results are as follows: (1) The Seniors who are in different democracy variables have some significance different with the dimensions of importance and satisfaction in diet preference. (2) The Pearson product-moment correlation statistical methods of analysis, at all levels with the overall degree of importance and satisfaction of seniors’ meal preferences were significant correlation. After IPA analysis, we got that 1 item of “proper reasonable in meal price” needs to be more improved. However, there are 3 items were over-supplied, such as: “taste the cuisine meals,” “more local food resource,” and “enough amount of rice or noodles.” It shows the current seniors meals still need for improvement. With the research framework and above findings, the research provided some specific recommendations by an empirical study and critical questionnaire survey as reference to relevant administration and future researchers. We hope to understand and realize the needs of seniors and construct more and healthy qualified meals.
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