| 摘要: | 本研究旨在探討校園閒置空間再利用為托老中心指標及評估因子，作為推動校園閒置空間再利用之參考依據。研究以文件分析與資料蒐集為基礎理論之探討，並採用修正式德爾菲法，初擬校園閒置空間再利用為托老中心初步評估因子架構，採德爾菲專家學者問卷研究工具進行調查。研究對象以15位專家學者，透過進行兩個回合專家問卷調查，整合專家對運作機制三階段，包含可行性評估階段、規劃構想階段、營運管理階段評估因子適用性之看法及意見一致性分析，再以運用EXCEL 2013軟體進行統計分析，以了解各項評估因子間重要程度排序，本研究獲得主要結論如下：一、校園閒置空間再利用為托老中心運作機制，可分為三大階段、七大指標及五十八個評估因子。二、可行性評估階段之內部環境評估因子以「建築物之消防、防火避難設施」重要性最高。三、可行性評估階段之外部環境評估因子以「都市計畫法及建築技術規則」重要性最高。四、規劃構想階段之評估因子以「營造日間照顧環境」與「建構無障礙環境」重要性最高。五、營運管理階段之評估因子以「跨部門協調整合」重要性最高。對行政主管機關的建議：一、政府機關應積極輔導，協調整合跨部門，推動閒置空間活化方案。二、政府宜將公共托老的安養機構列為法定的公共設施，搭配運用建築容積獎勵。三、預估未來可能釋出的國中小校舍等，可將之再利用成為公辦民營或是出租給民營的托老中心。四、配合行政院高齡社會白皮書之推動，普設社區托老中心，讓老人延壽更健康，以減少健保支出負擔。五、以推動校園空間活化政策為基礎，擴大校園閒置空間再利用為托老中心之推動，再創校園永續經營新價值。對學校的建議：一、校園閒置空間再利用需考量全體教職員生及社區民眾參與，妥善運用餘裕空間，規劃多元活化用途。二、透過校園閒置空間再利用為托老中心，以強化學校與社區之間聯結，落實社區照顧功能及在地老化政策。三、校園閒置空間再利用為托老中心時，具有其複雜度及挑戰性，宜委託請教有經驗的建築師及專家學者。
This study was designed to investigate the indicators and assessment factors about re-use of vacant school space for the Senior Care Center, as the reference of reusing vacant school space. Literature review and data collection for the basic theory in the research, and using the modified Delphi method of the proposed to survey with questionnaire in the beginning of assessment about re-use of vacant school space for the Senior Care Center. There were 15 experts as the object in the study, which conducted two rounds of experts’ questionnaires, integrated the experts’ opinions and consistent analysis for functional mechanism as 3 stages: the feasibility assessment stage, the concepts planning stage, and the operational management stage. Then the study used statistical analysis with the software of Excel 2013 to understand the priority of all assessment factors. The main conclusions of this study were as follows: 1. The operational mechanism about re-use of vacant school space for the Senior Care Center can be divided into 3 stages, 7 indicators and 58 assessment factors. 2. The highest priority of the internal environment assessment factor in the feasibility assessment stage was “Fire Security Services Evacuation of the Building.” 3. The highest priority of the external environment assessment factor in the feasibility assessment stage was “Urban Planning Law and Building Technical Regulations.” 4. “Create a Nursing Home Environment” and “Construct a Barrier-free Environment” were both the highest priority in the concepts planning stage. 5. The highest priority of the assessment factor in the operational management stage was “Cross-sectorial Coordination and Integration.” The recommendations to administrative authorities were: 1. the government should actively coaching, coordination and integration across sectors, promote activation of idle space program. 2. The government should support public safety daycare institutions as a statutory public facilities, with the use incentives of building volume. 3. Estimates of releasing free classrooms of high schools and elementary schools, it can be reused to become publicly owned and privately or rented to private senior citizen nursing homes. 4. According to the promotion of the “White Paper of an Aging Society”, set up the community senior citizen centers in general, so that the elderly are more healthy life extension in order to reduce the burden on health-caring costs. 5. To promote the activation of campus space policy, based on the expansion of the vacant school space to promote the re-use of the nursing homes, a new campus sustainable new value. The recommendations to schools were: 1. a recycling of vacant school space need to consider all the staff at school and participation of community residents. Also to properly using the vacant school space, and designing for multi-purposes; 2. through recycling of vacant school space as Senior Care Center, could strengthen the link between schools and the community, and also to carry out the policy of community caring and successful aging locally; 3. the recycling of vacant school space as Senior Care Center are complex and challenging, this mission need to consult with experienced architects and experts first. |
